Surgical weight loss procedures are an option for individuals seeking significant weight reduction. These operations modify the digestive system, which may limit food intake or influence how the body absorbs nutrients. Bariatric surgeons recommend surgical options based on your current health and weight goals. Here are some surgical weight loss options for different body types:
Gastric Bypass
Gastric bypass is a common surgical weight loss option that involves creating a small stomach pouch and connecting it directly to the small intestine. This bypasses a large portion of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine. The smaller stomach pouch limits the volume of food that a person can consume at one time. By rerouting the food stream, the procedure also affects gut hormones, which play a role in appetite and feelings of fullness. This combined approach makes it a common surgical choice for weight management. Patients undergoing this procedure often follow specific dietary guidelines afterward to support the adjustment.
Gastric bypass surgery is generally suitable for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) above 35. Those who have obesity-related health conditions such as type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure may also be candidates. Surgical candidates have generally been unable to achieve significant, sustained weight loss through diet and exercise alone.
Gastrectomy Surgery
Gastrectomy surgery, specifically sleeve gastrectomy, is a procedure that reduces the size of the stomach. A surgeon removes a significant portion of the stomach, leaving behind a smaller, banana-shaped “sleeve.” This new, smaller stomach holds less food, which helps with portion control.
Unlike gastric bypass, a gastrectomy does not reroute the intestines. The primary mechanism is restrictive, though both surgical weight loss options also affect hormones that regulate hunger. The removal of a large part of the stomach reduces the production of hormones that stimulate appetite. This change contributes to a decreased appetite.
Sleeve gastrectomy surgery may be appropriate for individuals who have not achieved steady weight loss through methods like diet, exercise, or behavioral changes. Before the procedure, candidates usually complete a thorough evaluation. This helps confirm that they are medically ready for surgery and have made the necessary lifestyle adjustments.
Lap-Band Surgery
Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, or Lap-Band surgery, is a restrictive procedure. A surgeon places an inflatable silicone band around the upper part of the stomach. This creates a small pouch above the band with a narrow opening to the rest of the stomach.
The band’s tightness is adjustable. A port placed under the skin allows a healthcare provider to inject or remove saline solution, which tightens or loosens the band accordingly. This allows for modifications to the level of restriction over time without additional surgery. The Lap-Band reduces the amount of food the stomach holds at one time, promoting a feeling of fullness with smaller meals.
Duodenal Switch
The duodenal switch is a type of bariatric surgery that combines both restrictive and malabsorptive techniques to aid in significant and sustained weight loss. This procedure involves reducing the size of the stomach to limit food intake and rerouting a portion of the small intestine to decrease calorie and nutrient absorption. This approach helps with weight loss and can also improve obesity-related conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea. This procedure is typically effective for individuals with severe obesity or those who haven’t had success with other methods. It requires a lifelong commitment to dietary changes, vitamin supplementation, and regular medical follow-ups to avoid nutritional deficiencies.
Explore Surgical Weight Loss Options
Understanding the differences between procedures like gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and the Lap-Band system helps determine which operation is right for you. These procedures are tailored to specific situations and health profiles. If you are exploring weight loss surgery, speak to an experienced bariatric surgeon today.
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