Gallbladder removal, also known as a cholecystectomy, is a common surgical procedure. The gallbladder is a small organ located beneath the liver. Its primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver. Bile helps the body digest fats in the small intestine. The gallbladder can develop problems, such as gallstones, that lead to the need for its removal.
When Is Gallbladder Removal Necessary?
A surgeon may recommend gallbladder removal surgery for several medical reasons. The most frequent reason is the presence of gallstones, which are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder. These stones can cause a range of symptoms, including sudden and intense pain in the upper right abdomen and nausea or vomiting.
If a gallstone blocks the bile duct, it can cause severe complications. These complications may include inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis) or inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). In general, a cholecystectomy is performed to alleviate pain and prevent future complications associated with gallbladder disease.
How Do You Prepare?
Preparation for gallbladder surgery involves following specific instructions from your medical team. You will likely undergo some preoperative tests to assess your overall health and examine the gallbladder. Your surgeon may review your medical history and a list of all medications you are currently taking. You may be asked to stop taking certain medications for a period before the surgery to reduce the risk of bleeding.
Your care team will provide clear directions about eating and drinking before the procedure. You will typically be instructed not to eat or drink anything prior to the surgery. This is a standard safety measure for procedures that require general anesthesia. You should also arrange for someone to drive you home after the surgery and to stay with you for at least the first 24 hours, as you will not be able to drive or care for yourself immediately following the procedure.
What Does the Procedure Entail?
Gallbladder removal is most often performed using a minimally invasive technique called laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During this procedure, the surgeon makes several small incisions in the abdomen. A thin tube with a tiny video camera at its end, called a laparoscope, is inserted through one of the incisions. This allows the surgeon to view your internal organs. Surgical tools are then inserted through the other incisions to carefully detach and remove the gallbladder. The small incisions are then closed.
In some situations, an open cholecystectomy may be required. This involves the surgeon making a single, larger incision in the abdomen to remove the gallbladder. An open procedure might be planned from the start if you have severe gallbladder disease or certain other medical conditions.
Speak Further With Your Surgeon
Your experience will depend on your specific health condition, the type of surgery performed, and your surgeon’s recommendations. It is beneficial to have a detailed discussion with your surgeon about the procedure. They can provide specific information tailored to your situation, answer your questions, and address any concerns you may have about the surgery and your recovery.
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